ni Atty. Persida Rueda-Acosta @Magtanong Kay Attorney | Jan. 17, 2025
Dear Chief Acosta,
Bilang solong anak, may nakapagsabi sa akin na mas madali ang proseso sa paglipat ng ari-arian ng aking namatay na magulang sa aking pangalan bilang kanilang nag-iisang tagapagmana. Paano ba ang prosesong ito? — Ellaine
Dear Ellaine,
Ang sagot sa iyong katanungan ay matatagpuan sa Section 1, Rule 74 ng Rules of Court, na nagsasaad:
“Section 1. Extrajudicial settlement by agreement between heirs. — If the decedent left no will and no debts and the heirs are all of age, or the minors are represented by their judicial or legal representatives duly authorized for the purpose, the parties may without securing letters of administration, divide the estate among themselves as they see fit by means of a public instrument filed in the office of the register of deeds, and should they disagree, they may do so in an ordinary action of partition. If there is only one heir, he may adjudicate to himself the entire estate by means of an affidavit filed in the office of the register of deeds.
The parties to an extrajudicial settlement, whether by public instrument or by stipulation in a pending action for partition, or the sole heir who adjudicates the entire estate to himself by means of an affidavit shall file, simultaneously with and as a condition precedent to the filing of the public instrument, or stipulation in the action for partition, or of the affidavit in the office of the register of deeds, a bond with the said register of deeds, in an amount equivalent to the value of the personal property involved as certified to under oath by the parties concerned and conditioned upon the payment of any just claim that may be filed under section 4 of this rule. It shall be presumed that the decedent left no debts if no creditor files a petition for letters of administration within two (2) years after the death of the decedent.
The fact of the extrajudicial settlement or administration shall be published in a newspaper of general circulation in the manner provided in the next succeeding section; but no extrajudicial settlement shall be binding upon any person who has not participated therein or had no notice thereof.”
Nakasaad sa nabanggit na seksyon ang proseso na tinatawag na extrajudicial settlement of estate. Kapag mayroon lamang nag-iisang tagapagmana ang yumaong indibidwal o decedent, kung saan wala itong iniwang habilin (will), walang utang, at ang tagapagmana ay nasa hustong gulang, o kung menor-de-edad naman ay mayroong naitalagang kinatawan, maaari siyang magsampa ng affidavit of self-adjudication sa register of deeds, para akuin ang buong estate ng yumao para sa kanyang sarili. Kasabay nitong affidavit ay kinakailangan ding mag-file ng bond ang tagapagmana sa register of deeds, katumbas ng halaga ng naiwang personal property. Ang bond na ito ay gagamitin upang sagutin ang mga claim na maaaring isampa ng ibang taong may interes sa estate ng yumao. Kailangan ding ilathala ang naturang pagsasagawa ng extrajudicial settlement of estate sa diyaryo na may pangkalahatang sirkulasyon.
Ang prosesong nabanggit sa itaas ang maaari mong sundin upang mailipat sa iyo ang mga naiwang ari-arian ng iyong mga namayapang magulang.
Sana ay nabigyan namin ng linaw ang iyong katanungan. Ang payong aming ibinigay ay base lamang sa mga impormasyon na iyong inilahad at maaaring magbago kung mababawasan o madaragdagan ang mga detalye ng iyong salaysay.
Maraming salamat sa iyong patuloy na pagtitiwala.
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