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Limitasyon ng psychologist bilang testigo sa annulment

BULGAR

ni Atty. Persida Rueda-Acosta @Magtanong Kay Attorney | Mar. 29, 2025



Magtanong Kay Atty. Persida Acosta


Dear Chief Acosta,


Dahil sa trauma na nangyari sa akin sapagkat na-bully ako noong high school, mayroon akong psychologist. Regular dati ang aking therapy sessions, ngunit nahinto ito noong nagkaasawa ako. Kalaunan ay hindi na naging maganda ang pagsasama naming mag-asawa kaya’t nagsampa siya sa korte ng kasong annulment of marriage batay sa psychological incapacity. Nalaman ng asawa ko na may psychologist ako kaya nais niyang tumestigo ito sa kaso namin. Natatakot ako na baka maikuwento ng aking psychologist ang madilim kong nakaraan. Maaari bang mapigilang tumestigo ang aking psychologist sa nasabing kaso? — Carolyn


 

Dear Carolyn, 


Ayon sa A.M. No. 19-08-15-SC na inilabas ng Korte Suprema noong 8 Oktubre 2019, hindi maaaring suriin sa isang sibil na kaso ang isang physician, psychotherapist, o taong pinaniniwalaan ng pasyente na awtorisado na magsagawa ng medisina o psychotherapy, nang walang pahintulot ng kanyang pasyente, sa anumang kumpidensyal na komunikasyon na ginawa para sa layunin ng diagnosis o paggamot sa pisikal, mental, o emosyonal na kondisyon ng kanyang pasyente kabilang ang addiction sa alkohol o droga. Ang patakarang ito ay nakasaad sa Seksyon 24(c), Rule 130 nito kung saan nakasaad na:


 “Section 24. Disqualification by reason of privileged communications. - The following persons cannot testify as to matters learned in confidence in the following cases:

xxx


(c) A physician, psychotherapist or person reasonably believed by the patient to be authorized to practice medicine or psychotherapy cannot in a civil case, without the consent of the patient, be examined as to any confidential communication made for the purpose of diagnosis or treatment of the patient's physical, mental or emotional condition, including alcohol or drug addiction, between the patient and his or her physician or psychotherapist. This privilege also applies to persons, including members of the patient's family, who have participated in the diagnosis or treatment of the patient under the direction of the physician or psychotherapist.”


Sa iyong sitwasyon, hindi maaaring magtestigo ang iyong psychologist tungkol sa inyong mga kumpidensyal na komunikasyon hinggil sa inyong therapy sessions kung walang pahintulot mula sa iyo. 


Subalit, kung ang testimonya ng iyong psychologist ay maituturing na expert opinion na tumutugon lamang sa hypothetical questions, maaari siyang makapagbigay testimonya kahit walang pahintulot mula sa iyo. Ipinaliwanag ng ating Korte Suprema  sa kasong Lim vs. Court of Appeals and Juan Sim, (G. R. No. 91114, 25 September 1992), sa panulat ni Honorable Associate Justice Hilario G. Davide, Jr., na:


“The predominating view, with some scant authority otherwise, is that the statutory physician-patient privilege, though duly claimed, is not violated by permitting a physician to give expert opinion testimony in response to a strictly hypothetical question in a lawsuit involving the physical mental condition of a patient whom he has attended professionally, where his opinion is based strictly upon the hypothetical facts stated, excluding and disregarding any personal professional knowledge he may have concerning such patient. But in order to avoid the bar of the physician-patient privilege where it is asserted in such a case, the physician must base his opinion solely upon the facts hypothesized in the question, excluding from consideration his personal knowledge of the patient acquired through the physician and patient relationship. If he cannot or does not exclude from consideration his personal professional knowledge of the patient’s condition he should not be permitted to testify as to his expert opinion.”


Ayon sa nasabing kaso, kinakailangan sa testimonya bilang expert witness na ang opinyon ng doktor ay base lamang sa mga hypothetical facts at hindi base sa mga natutunan niya mula sa kanyang pasyente. Kung kaya sa iyong kaso, kung hindi kaya ng iyong psychologist na ibukod mula sa kanyang testimonya bilang expert witness ang mga natutunan niya mula sa therapy sessions ninyo, hindi siya maaaring maging testigo kung wala ang pahintulot mula sa iyo. 


Sana ay nabigyan namin ng linaw ang iyong katanungan. Ang payong aming ibinigay ay base lamang sa mga impormasyon na iyong inilahad at maaaring magbago kung mababawasan o madaragdagan ang mga detalye ng iyong salaysay. 


Maraming salamat sa iyong patuloy na pagtitiwala.

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